Monte Carlo Simulation of Transmission Experiement

Monte Carlo Simulation of Transmission Experiement Liquid Densitometer Design dependent on Transmission and Scattering Gamma Ray Method utilizing Monte Carlo Approach R.Wirawan, M. Djamal, A.Waris, G. Handayani, H.J. Kim Unique. Non-ruinous testing is one strategy in the material testing that was applied and created for some reasons in the modern field. Gamma spectrometer is a one strategy that can be applied for the liquid densitometer. It was contemplated the capability of the utilization of transmission and dissipating gamma beam estimations so as to assess the liquid thickness utilizing GEANT4 Monte Carlo recreation toolbox. Watchwords: Non-damaging testing, dispersing gamma, Monte Carlo, GEANT4. PACS: 29.40.- n Presentation Gamma-beam range estimation is one of promising creating technique in the non-damaging test application particularly for an online estimation. It’s appropriate for some mechanical applications, for example, in clinical, mining and oil industry, country security. The nature of the material can be separating from another dependent on its thickness. In the utilization of gamma spectrometry, it’s impact the gamma beam energies range recognition result. Ball et al. (1998) have examined the reaction of gamma backscatter to the spatial thickness in mass example [1]. In the liquid item examination particularly for the oil item thickness estimation, it’s a promising strategy for a densitometer. Hussein (2011) has created examination of the liquid stream in the funnel utilizing gamma spectrometry [2]. Khorsandi and Feghhi have broke down the transmission mode in densitometer application for the oil based goods checking applications [3]. The blend of transmission and dispersing estimation modes are acceptable drawing closer for a superior examination strategy in the finder reaction estimation because of the liquid thickness inside the funnel. For this reason, recreation utilizing Monte Carlo strategy can be directed. Monte Carlo strategies have abilities in the usage of the few of material science models and give the foreseeing bring about the radiation physical science application [4, 5]. In the current examination we explored the capability of the blend of these estimations utilizing the Monte Carlo radiation transport from GEANT4 reproduction toolbox. Hypothesis Gamma beam vitality range trademark that identified from its cooperation with the material have data to recognize the material qualities included. In the gamma beam range estimation, there are two sorts of estimation type for example transmission and dissipating. In the transmission, the gamma beam pillars have a constricted force due to vitality ingestion by material. The mass weakening coefficient à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ­ of photon is an element of photon vitality. The lessened force was portrayed by the Beerâ€Lambert equation: (1) where I0 episode gamma beams forces, x is material ingestion thickness, is mass assimilation coeficient and its corresponding to the absolute cross-area as follows , NA is the Avogadro’s number (6.021023 particle/mole) and An is nuclear mass number of material[8]. For the dispersing estimation, the identified photon pillar is the consequence of redirecting with an electrons material. Dissipating cooperations that may happen is the single dispersing or different scattering.The photon bar force has weakening in the way before the dissipating point connection and in the way to the finder after the dispersing point communication. Figure 1 shows the single dissipating association of photon with a component volume dV. Figure 1 Schematic chart of photon single dispersing communication with a component volume in the material (embraced from Devlin and Taylor) [9]. As per the Compton dispersing communication, the photon with a vitality E㠯⠁â § will be diverted with dissipating edges à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ± to the birthplace heading after crash with a nuclear electron. The dissipated photon vitality (EScatt) is communicated by the equation: (2) The power of recognized gamma photon are impact of constriction along essential photon, number of electron in component volume, differential cross-segment, weakening of dispersed photon way and the strong point subtended by finder at the component volume. For the single dispersing cooperation, the force of distinguished photon as delineated in the recipe: (3) where S is the source action (photon s-1), dV is component volume cooperation, n is the electron thickness of the material, r1 and r2 are the length way of the essential photon before connection and in the wake of dispersing individually. The thickness à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ² of the material is identified with the electron thickness by (4) where NA is the Avogadro number, Z is the nuclear number and M is the nuclear mass. For the Compton communication probabilities of the photon pillar when it interface with an electron of the material was depict in differential structure by Klein-Nishina recipe, (5) where r0 is clasical electron sweep (2,82 fm) and P parameter as capacity of episode photon vitality and dissipating points à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ± as the recipe (6) where consistent [1,8]. Utilizing the condition (4) and (5) to substitute parameter n and in the condition (3), we have the connection of force with the material thickness: (7) Arrangement of the condition (7) can be communicated in the basic structure: (8) where An and B are steady. Technique The reenactment arrangement was created dependent on the transmission setup which led tentatively done by Khorsandi [3]. Four indicators are set in two kind positions where two finders in a similar side with source and two others in the contrary site as appeared in Figure 2. The spatial separation between two locator d10 and d30 from the collimated source pivot are about hub 27.5cm. For finder d20 is set 20 cm far away from locator d10. Polyethylene pipe have an internal sweep 5cm and thickness it’s about 2mm. Liquids under scrutiny inside the channel (for example gas, gasoil and water) are thought to be of uniform density㠯⠁â ². A plate gamma beam source model is utilized for Cs-137 source is collimated by the chamber protecting lead with 5cm thickness. The 3in. x 3in. NaI(Tl) finder model recreation in the reproduction is received from references [6, 7]. Reproduction dependent on GEANT4 Penelope Monte Carlo utilizing 5.0 x 107 of the gamma source beamon. Figure 2 Schematic perception of GEANT4 reenactment for the transmission and dispersing estimations arrangement. Result and Discussion To inspect the reaction capacity of transmission and dissipating estimation, right off the bat we have to consider the arrangement intended for the identifier development as indicated by the c gamma source vitality range. The Cesium 137 source was set before the Pb collimated NaI(Tl) 3 in. x 3 in. sparkle indicator. Figure 3 shows the indicator reaction work range of GEANT4 reenactment result contrasting with the estimation aftereffect of the 15uCi gamma source. There are a decent understanding for photopeak vitality between the reproduction result and the examination result. Figure 3 Response capacity of Cs137 15uCi gamma hotspot for 3 in. x 3 in NaI(Tl) finder. In view of locator development arrangement, at that point we examines the indicator reaction capacity of transmission and dispersing estimation. Figure 4 shows the reaction work consequence of indicator that put in the four distinct situations for three diverse kind of thickness liquid for example fuel, gasoil and water. Figure 4 Response capacity of finder NaI(Tl) 3in. x 3in. from GEANT4 reenactment of four diverse identifier positions for fuel, gasoil and water liquids in pipe. In the all vitality range appropriation above, thickness of liquid issue give an impact to the gamma energies range. The gas has a lower thickness number, however it shows a higher force (number of occasions) of gamma beam vitality recognized contrast with the gasoil and water. The expanded thickness of liquid will expanded the quantity of electrons at the dispersing point association, constriction of essential and dissipated photons. Along these lines, it’s give an impact to the diminishing force or pinnacle vitality range that identified by the identifier. For transmission mode as appeared at d0 finder position, the primary pinnacle of Cesium 137 gamma source is in the 0.662 MeV. The standardize top force shows that the GEANT4 recreations result have a decent consent to the Khorsandi (2011) try result as appeared in Figure 5. This outcome shows that the model can be utilized for foreseeing the liquid densitometer test. Figure 5 Normalize force bend of transmission mode (d0 finder position) from reproduction and test results. Here in the Figure 6(a), we have similar patterns that the diminishing of the photopeak stature because of the liquids thickness increment. Figure 6 Gaussian stature bends of photopeak at four diverse locator positions. In view of the force as thickness work condition (8), the proposed steady An and B for the bend fit in the Figure 6(a) are portrayed in Table 1. Table 1. Bend fitting consistent In light of the B consistent of the four standardize tally rates bends, d20 locator position have a higher diminishing slant than the others. In opposite side, the quantity of passage photon to the finder d20 position is excessively little, so for this arrangement its need the higher action source. Ends In this investigation, a Monte Carlo reenactment of transmission and dissipating estimations of gamma beam for the liquid densitometer was completed utilizing GEANT4. Because of an expansion in the liquid thickness in the channel, the pinnacle statures of identified gamma beam power have diminished. The reenactments for the gamma beam transmission examination were directed by the analysis arrangement give the best fit bend result. Affirmations The creator recognizes the budgetary help of Directorate General of Indonesian Higher Education through the Sandwich-Like (PKPI) Program 2013. Refference [1] A.J. Ball, C.J. Solomon, J.C. Z